PHOTOGRPAHY WORDS AND TERMS (ongoing)

AESTHETIC :
 the qualities that combine to make something
look the way it does.

I am drawn to this photo because of the pale light, and the attempt to "catch/hold" light.
I also like the gesture of the hand. 

CAMERA OBSCURA: 

a blacked-out chamber with a small pinhole through which light gets compressed. First recorded observation was by Mo Ti, in China, circa 400 BC/BCE. 

EXPOSURE - length of time light enters the camera.

OVER EXPOSURE - too much light
UNDER EXPOSURE - too little light



FOCAL POINT:

 the center of interest/activity.

EXPOSURE TRIANGLE:


APERTURE - the opening (into the camera).


SHUTTER - mechanism that allows light to enter the camera
for precise periods of time.


ISO - the sensitivity (to light) of the sensor/film







APERTURE:
(APERTURE &) DEPTH OF FIELD
Aperture is the size of the opening into camera,
and the larger the aperture (opening) the smaller
sliver of focus you will have.




EXAMPLES OF A CHANGE IN APERTURE:

ISO:

The sensitivity of the camera

WHITE BALANCE(WB):

The color temperature of the light being photographed

HISTORY AND ARTISTS:

JOSEPH NICEPHORE NIEPCE

Created the first "photograph" in 1827.

EIGHT hour exposure.

View From The Window at the Gras (France)

FIRST PHOTO OF A PERSON-1838

By Louis Daguerre(Daguerretype)

Boulevard du Temple, Paris.

http://mashable.com/2014/11/05/first-photograph-of-a-human/#sisMPxIjigqH

First Selfie:

Robert Cornelius. 1839

Amateur chemist & photography enthusiast

Philadelphia

Mathew Brady

Civil War photographer.

1860s

First time the public saw casualties of war printed in their newspapers.

Eadweard Muybridge
1830-1904
English
Pioneer in photography motion
Created the zoopraxiscope (1879)
"The Gallop"



Julia Margret Cameron
1815-1879
Known for soft focus and 'painterly' quality of her images
Was panned as not serious enough as a photographer
Accepted by painters (pre-Raphaelites) more than photographers
Close-cropped portraits are inspiration for photographers today.



Edward Curtis
1868-1952
Photographer & Ethnologist
Focused on documenting the American West & Native American people


JACOB RIIS
1849-1914
Grew up in poverty.
Considered to be a 'father' of photojournalism.
Photographed the tenements/slums of NYC to raise awareness
of the plight of the poor.
  

Lewis Hine
1874-1940
Photographer and sociologist
Used his camera for social change and reform
Photographed mines, cotton mills, and factories to document working children
His work directly led to child labor laws


Dorothea Lange
1895-1965
Documentary photographer & photojournalist
Began as a portraitist (in a studio)
During the Great Depression (1930s), worked for the Farm Securities Administration to document the plight of the poor & forgotten
During WWII, documented the plight of Japanese citizens who were forced into internment camps. The photos were not seen during the war

White Angel Breadline, San Francisco, 1933

Migrant Mother, 1936

Pledge

Henri Cartier-Bresson
1908-2004
A master of street photography
Known for the decisive moment = The moment when and psychological elements come together in the photo




Gordon Parks
1912-2006
Significant photographer of the Civil Rights Movement.
      

Manuel Álvarez Bravo
1902-2002
Pioneer or artistic photography in Mexico
Most important in 20th-century Latin American photography
Capturing the history of Mexican society and culture
Street photography, folk art and rituals, human interaction

  
                   

ART THEORY & AESTHETICS:

CONTRAST= The difference between light and dark.

VALUE= The intensity of a colour (or the BW).

HUE= The colour of something.

TINT= Adding white to a hue.

SHADE= Adding black to a hue.

RULE OF THIRDS-
A compositional theory where the main subject matter is placed in an intersecting point based on a division of thirds vertically & horizontally.